I-adaptha yamandla yaziwa njengokusebenza kahle kakhulu nokonga amandla kagesi. Imele isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kokuphakelwa kukagesi okulawulwayo. Njengamanje, isekethe ehlanganisiwe ye-adaptha yamandla e-monolithic isetshenziswe kabanzi ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo ezibalulekile zokuhlanganiswa okuphezulu, ukusebenza kwezindleko eziphezulu, isifunda se-peripheral esilula kanye nenkomba yokusebenza engcono kakhulu. Isiphenduke umkhiqizo othandwayo we-adaptha yamandla aphakathi nendawo namandla aphansi ekwakhiweni.
Ukuguquguquka kobubanzi be-Pulse
Imodi yokulawula ukushintshashintsha evame ukusetshenziswa ku-adaptha yamandla. Ukuguquguquka kobubanzi be-Pulse kuyimodi yokulawula i-analog, elungisa ukuchema kwesisekelo se-transistor noma isango le-MOS ngokuya ngokushintsha komthwalo ohambisanayo ukuze kushintshwe isikhathi sokwenziwa kwe-transistor noma i-MOS, ukuze kushintshwe okukhiphayo kokushintshwa kwamandla okulawulwayo. Isici sayo ukugcina imvamisa yokushintsha ingaguquki, okungukuthi, umjikelezo wokushintsha uhlala ungashintshile, futhi ushintshe ububanzi be-pulse ukuze unciphise ukuguqulwa kwe-voltage ephumayo ye-adaptha yamandla lapho i-voltage yegridi nomthwalo kushintsha.
Izinga lokulungiswa komthwalo wesiphambano
Izinga lokulawulwa komthwalo ophambanayo lisho izinga lokushintsha kwamandla kagesi okukhiphayo okubangelwa ukushintsha komthwalo ku-adaptha yamandla ephumayo eneziteshi eziningi. Ukushintsha komthwalo wamandla kuzobangela ukuguqulwa kokuphuma kwamandla. Lapho umthwalo ukhula, okukhiphayo kuncipha. Ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho umthwalo uyancipha, okukhiphayo kuyanda. Ukushintsha kokuphumayo okubangelwa ukushintsha kwamandla okuhle kuncane, futhi inkomba evamile ingu-3% - 5%. Kuyinkomba ebalulekile yokulinganisa ukusebenza kokuqina kwamandla kagesi we-adaptha yamandla ephumayo eneziteshi eziningi.
Ukusebenza okuhambisanayo
Ukuze uthuthukise amandla okukhiphayo wamanje namandla okukhiphayo, ama-adaptha amandla amaningi angasetshenziswa ngokuhambisana. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuhambisanayo, i-voltage ephumayo ye-adaptha yamandla ngayinye kufanele ifane (amandla azo okukhiphayo avunyelwe ukuba ahluke), futhi indlela yokwabelana yamanje (ngemuva kwalokhu ebizwa ngokuthi indlela yokwabelana yamanje) iyamukelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukukhishwa kwamanje kwento ngayinye. i-adaptha yamandla isakazwa ngokuya nge-coefficient elinganiselwe eshiwo.
Isihlungi sokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic
Isihlungi sokuphazanyiswa kwe-Electromagnetic, esaziwa nangokuthi “isihlungi se-EMI”, siyisisetshenziswa sesekethe sika-elekthronikhi esisetshenziselwa ukucindezela ukuphazamiseka kukazibuthe, ikakhulukazi umsindo kulayini wamandla noma kulayini wesiginali yokulawula. Kuyidivayisi yokuhlunga engacindezela ngempumelelo umsindo wegridi yamandla futhi ithuthukise ikhono lokulwa nokuphazamiseka kwempahla kagesi nokwethembeka kwesistimu. Isihlungi sokuphazamiseka kwe-Electromagnetic singesesihlungi se-RF esine-bidirectional. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele ihlunge isiphazamiso sangaphandle sikazibuthe okwethulwa kugridi yamandla e-AC;
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi ingagwema ukuphazamiseka komsindo wangaphandle kwemishini yayo, ukuze ingaphazamisi ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwezinye izinto zikagesi endaweni efanayo ye-electromagnetic. Isihlungi se-EMI singacindezela kokubili ukuphazamiseka kwemodi yochungechunge kanye nokuphazamiseka kwemodi evamile. Isihlungi se-EMI sizoxhunywa ekugcineni kwe-AC engenayo ye-adaptha yamandla.
irediyetha
Idivayisi yokukhipha ukushisa esetshenziselwa ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lamadivayisi we-semiconductor, elingagwema izinga lokushisa le-tube core lidlule izinga lokushisa eliphezulu le-junction ngenxa yokungashisi kahle ukushisa, ukuze i-adaptha yamandla ivikeleke ekushiseni ngokweqile. Indlela yokukhipha ukushisa isuka enkabeni yeshubhu, ipuleti elincane lokukhipha ukushisa (noma igobolondo leshubhu) > irediyetha → ekugcineni iye emoyeni ozungezile. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-radiator, njengohlobo lwepuleti eliyisicaba, uhlobo lwebhodi eliphrintiwe (PCB), uhlobo lombambo, uhlobo lwe-interdigital njalonjalo. Irediyetha kufanele igcinwe kude nemithombo yokushisa njengesiguquli sefrikhwensi yamandla kanye neshubhu lokushintsha amandla ngangokunokwenzeka.
Umthwalo we-elekthronikhi
Imodeli yokusetshenziswayo ihlobene nesisetshenziswa sikagesi esisetshenziswa ngokukhethekile njengomthwalo ophumayo wamandla. Umthwalo we-elekthronikhi ungashintshwa ngamandla ngaphansi kokulawulwa yikhompyutha. Umthwalo we-elekthronikhi idivayisi edla amandla kagesi ngokulawula amandla angaphakathi (i-MOSFET) noma i-conduction flux (umjikelezo womsebenzi) we-transistor nokuthembela emandleni ahlakazekile eshubhu lamandla.
isici samandla
Isici samandla sihlobene nemvelo yomthwalo wesekethe. Imele isilinganiso samandla asebenzayo namandla abonakalayo.
ukulungiswa kwesici samandla
PFC ngamafuphi. Incazelo yobuchwepheshe bokulungisa isici samandla ithi: isici samandla (PF) isilinganiso samandla asebenzayo P kuya kumandla abonakalayo s. Umsebenzi wayo ukugcina okokufaka kwe-AC kumanje esigabeni nge-voltage yokufaka ye-AC, ukuhlunga ama-harmonics amanje, nokukhulisa isici samandla esisetshenziswa sibe ivelu enqunywe kusengaphambili eduze no-1.
Ukulungiswa kwesici samandla angenzi lutho
Ukulungiswa kwesici samandla angenzi lutho kubizwa ngokuthi i-PPFC (ebuye yaziwe njenge-PFC engenzi lutho). Isebenzisa i-passive component inductance ukulungisa isici samandla. Isekhethi yayo ilula futhi ibiza kancane, kodwa kulula ukukhiqiza umsindo futhi ingakhuphula isici samandla sibe cishe ku-80%. Okubalulekile} okuhle kokulungisa isici samandla angenzi lutho yilezi: ubulula, izindleko eziphansi, ukwethembeka kanye ne-EMI encane. Okubi yilezi: usayizi omkhulu nesisindo, kunzima ukuthola isici samandla aphezulu, futhi ukusebenza kokusebenza kuhlobene nemvamisa, umthwalo kanye ne-voltage yokufaka.
Ukulungisa isici samandla asebenzayo
Ukulungiswa kwesici samandla asebenzayo kubizwa nge-APFC (ephinde yaziwe njenge-PFC esebenzayo). Ukulungiswa kwesici samandla asebenzayo kubhekisela ekwandiseni isici samandla okokufaka ngesekethe esebenzayo (isekethi esebenzayo), nokulawula idivayisi eshintshayo ukwenza i-waveform yamanje yokufaka ilandele i-wave wave ye-voltage yokufaka. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-passive power factor correction circuit (i-passive circuit), ukwengeza i-inductance kanye ne-capacitance kuyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwesici samandla kungcono, kodwa izindleko ziphakeme futhi ukwethembeka kuzoncishiswa. Umjikelezo wokuguqula amandla uyangezwa phakathi kwebhuloho lokulungisa okokufaka kanye ne-capacitor yesihlungi okukhiphayo ukuze kulungiswe okokufaka kwamanje kube igagasi le-sine elinesigaba esifanayo ne-voltage yokufaka futhi akukho ukuhlanekezela, futhi isici samandla singafinyelela ku-0.90 ~ 0.99.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-12-2022
